Marsha Kerr Talley | Behaviour Specialist

Students with Special Needs Can Learn.

I support parents, students, teachers and schools to help students access the best learning for them.

Special Education should be more than a placement.

In this short video, I share who I am, what I have seen across education, and why I am now making my Special Education experience available directly to families, students and educators.

I have spent more than 20 years in education. One thing I know for sure is this: students with Special Educational Needs can and do learn. They may learn at a different pace. They may need information presented differently. They may need different tools, more time, more structure, or a different route into the learning. That does not mean they cannot learn.

With the right tools, resources, teaching and expectations, students with Special Needs can excel. They can work, create, contribute, lead and be productive members of society. We should be preparing them for possibility, not deciding their limits for them.

Support for the learner and the people supporting them.

You do not have to know exactly what is wrong before asking for help. Tell me what you are seeing. Tell me where your child or student is getting stuck. We can start there.

For parents

Parent Consultation

If you are watching your child struggle and you are not sure what the school should be doing, what you should be doing at home, or what the behaviour is telling you, we can work through it together. The goal is clarity, practical next steps and support that fits your child.

For students

Private Learning Support & Tutoring

This is not simply more schoolwork. I look at how the student learns, where the barriers are, what they already understand and what tools may help. Students can make progress when we stop forcing one route to learning and give them a route they can actually use.

For teachers & educators

Workshops & Consultation

I work with teachers on the part that matters after we say “include the student.” What does that look like in an actual lesson? We look at differentiation, behaviour, classroom ecology, access, regulation and practical ways to help diverse learners participate and learn.

For schools & organisations

Training, Workshops & Special Education Consultation

I provide workshops, training and consultation for schools and organisations that want Special Education to be more than placement on a register or a child sitting in the room. We focus on what staff can do differently so students have meaningful access to learning.

Keep the support going beyond the session.

These resources are for parents and educators who want practical guidance they can return to in their own time.

The environment is part of the learning.

I talk a lot about what we teach and how we teach it, but I also pay attention to the space itself. A classroom can either help a student settle, engage and participate, or make learning harder before the lesson even begins.

A flexible classroom ecology with plants, warm lighting, student work, books, a reading nook, round tables, movement and collaborative learning

Create a space students want to be in.

That can mean thinking about lighting, noise, seating, movement, clutter, colour and even something as simple as adding plants. When students feel comfortable in the space, when the room feels cared for and they feel considered in it, they are more likely to want to be there. Once they want to be there, they are more likely to be willing to learn.

This matters for every learner. It can matter even more for students with sensory, attention, regulation or communication needs. Differentiation is not only what is on the worksheet. Sometimes it is what we change in the environment so the student can access the learning in the first place.

Read: Classroom Ecology, The Missing Conversation

Tell me what is happening.

Tell me what is happening. You do not need to write it in professional language. I will read your concern and help you identify the most useful next step.

Educational support does not replace diagnosis, medical care, psychological assessment or therapy. Please avoid sending confidential records through this first-contact form.

INTERACTIVE TEACHER RESOURCEDifferentiation in ActionWork through practical case studies, classroom decisions and differentiation strategies.Click anywhere in this box to begin.
Workshop Activity Progress
0 completed

Differentiation in Action

Continue below for an interactive professional learning resource exploring inclusion, differentiation, autism, dyslexia, ADHD, behaviour and practical classroom adjustments.

Being in the room does not mean the student is included.

A student can sit in a mainstream classroom all day and still have very little access to the learning taking place. Differentiation asks us to examine the barriers between the learner and the lesson, and intentionally remove or reduce them.

Differentiation does not mean lowering expectations. It means creating different pathways through which learners can access, engage with and demonstrate learning.
Talk first. Think about a student you have taught, observed or supported who was physically present in the classroom but academically disconnected. What was happening?

Begin with the barrier, not the label.

A diagnosis can help us understand a learner, but it should never become the entire explanation for that learner. Two students with the same identified need may require very different support.

1. Learner What strengths, needs, interests and prior knowledge does this learner bring?
2. Task What exactly are we asking the student to understand or do?
3. Barrier What may be preventing meaningful access or participation?
4. Adjustment What can we change without removing the core learning goal?

Dyslexia: When reading becomes the barrier

Meet Andre

Andre knows more than his written work suggests.

Andre is 13. During class discussions he demonstrates strong understanding and often makes thoughtful connections. When students are asked to read a long passage independently and answer written questions, however, he works slowly, skips words and sometimes stops altogether.

A teacher tells him, “You need to try harder. Everyone else has finished.”

Decision 1
Which response provides the strongest starting point for differentiation?
Your turn: The learning goal is understanding the causes of a historical event. Reading fluency is not the skill being assessed. Name two ways Andre could access the content.

Autism: Look beneath the behaviour

Meet Kayla

A classroom change creates a sudden response.

Kayla usually participates well when the class follows a predictable routine. Today the teacher unexpectedly changes the seating plan, introduces a group task and turns on a video while students are talking loudly.

Kayla covers her ears, refuses to join her group and repeatedly says, “No.”

Decision 2
What should the teacher consider before interpreting Kayla's response as deliberate defiance?
Discuss aloud: What could the teacher have done before the activity to increase predictability without excluding Kayla from collaborative learning?

ADHD & executive function: “He knows it,but doesn't do it.”

Meet Daniel

Daniel frequently begins assignments but does not finish them. His desk contains unfinished papers. During long teacher explanations he begins tapping, looking around the room and talking to peers. When given a complicated six-step task, he completes the first instruction and then asks, “What am I supposed to do?”

Decision 3
Which adjustment most directly addresses the demands described?

Behaviour: What happened before the disruption?

Meet Malik

Malik regularly calls out, walks around the classroom and jokes with other students during independent written work. Staff describe him as disruptive.

During practical activities, demonstrations and class debates, however, Malik is engaged and frequently contributes useful ideas.

Decision 4
Which question would provide the most useful information?
Complete the sentence: Instead of asking “How do I stop this behaviour?” I could ask...

Different pathways. Shared learning.

Open each section during the workshop and ask participants which strategies could be used immediately in their own classrooms.

Dyslexia & literacy-related barriers
Consider text-to-speech or audio access where appropriate, shorter chunks of text, explicit vocabulary instruction, visual support, structured literacy approaches, additional processing time, alternatives to unnecessary copying, and opportunities to demonstrate understanding orally when writing is not the skill being assessed.
Autism & differences in communication, sensory processing and predictability
Consider visual schedules, advance warning of changes, explicit instructions, reduced ambiguity, sensory-aware environments, structured choices, processing time, predictable routines and multiple ways to participate. Support should be individualized rather than based solely on diagnosis.
ADHD, attention & executive-function needs
Consider visible steps, chunked assignments, timers, checklists, purposeful movement, frequent feedback, reduced unnecessary distractions, shorter instructional segments, organizational supports and opportunities for active participation.
Behaviour, regulation & emotional needs
Consider antecedents, relationship, task difficulty, boredom, communication, regulation, environmental stressors, reinforcement, choice and opportunities for success. Ask what the behaviour may be communicating before relying solely on consequences.

Myth or accurate?

“Differentiation means creating an entirely different lesson for every student.”

Build the adjustment

Choose the barrier you are observing and the learning goal you need to preserve. The tool will give you a planning question to discuss.

The 5-minute lesson redesign

Choose a lesson you currently teach. Do not redesign the entire lesson. Identify one barrier and make one intentional adjustment.

1. Learning Goal

2. Possible Barrier

3. Adjustment

4. Evidence of Learning

The student at the back of the room

You enter a classroom and notice one student sitting at the back. While the class works on a science activity, the student colours a worksheet unrelated to the lesson.

A member of staff explains:

“He has Special Educational Needs. He can't really do what the rest of them are doing.”
Discuss: What questions would you ask before accepting that conclusion?
Now redesign the situation. How could this learner participate meaningfully in the science lesson while receiving the support he needs?

What does differentiation look like in Jamaican classrooms?

The principles you have explored matter most when they can work in the classrooms teachers actually serve. The next interactive page moves from the general principles of differentiation to the realities teachers may encounter across Jamaican schools.

Large classes
How can one teacher support different needs without creating a separate lesson for every student?
Students without formal diagnoses
What can a teacher do now when a learner is clearly struggling but specialist assessment or support is not yet available?
Literacy gaps & curriculum demands
How do we keep learners connected to meaningful, age-appropriate content when reading or writing is a major barrier?
Limited resources & behaviour concerns
What practical, low-cost adjustments can improve access, participation and regulation within the classroom we already have?

Continue with Jamaican primary and secondary classroom scenarios, practical low-cost strategies, the “But I have 40 students” challenge, and the question at the centre of the next activity: Is the learner included, or merely present?

Explore Jamaican Classroom Scenarios →

What will you change?

Inclusion becomes meaningful through what happens in tomorrow's lesson,not simply through where a student's chair is placed.



Ready to talk?

Let us talk about the support your child, student or school needs.

If you are looking for parent consultation, private learning support, teacher training or Special Education consultation, contact me directly. Tell me what is happening and what support you are looking for.

Email me at info@marshakerrtalley.com Use the enquiry form